Making and Breaking of Borders

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The 20th century has seen a greater opening of the borders and a movement of larger masses of people than ever before. Stereotypes of peoples developed through economic or wartime encounters. Political and cultural borders do not coincide. There are linguistic, ethnic and social boundaries. Deconstructions of national borders refer to changing attitudes to the national symbols in a world of globalisation and reconstructions of borders to territorialisation processes on the national and local level. A boundary may be visible or invisible, geographical, mental or symbolic; drawing boundaries may be a conscious or unconscious act. There are concrete, complex and abstract borders waiting for breaking.