For Cause and Comrades

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General John A. Wickham, a former commander of the 101st Airborne Division, reflected on the Antietam battlefield, questioning why soldiers in the Civil War repeatedly risked their lives despite the brutal conditions. Contrary to the belief that soldiers become disillusioned over time, James McPherson, a leading Civil War historian, argues that these soldiers remained steadfast in their convictions throughout the conflict. Driven by duty, honor, and religious faith, they expressed a strong belief in the principles of liberty, freedom, justice, and patriotism. Both Union and Confederate soldiers drew inspiration from the Founding Fathers and the American Revolution, fighting to defend their respective causes—either the Union or their homes and families in the Confederacy. Many soldiers feared the disgrace of cowardice, with some preferring death over dishonor. Remarkably, over half of Union soldiers reenlisted voluntarily after three years of fighting. McPherson utilizes over 25,000 letters and nearly 250 diaries, showcasing the literacy and candidness of Civil War soldiers. These uncensored writings offer a unique perspective on their experiences, relationships, and morale. McPherson's work allows these soldiers to narrate their own stories, creating a poignant and authentic account of their motivations and sacrifices.