Confessional Mobility and English Catholics in Counter-Reformation Europe

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In the wake of England's break with Rome, English Catholics established themselves in various Catholic countries across Europe, leading to the formation of convents and colleges. While this period has garnered scholarly attention, it is crucial to explore their enduring influence beyond that initial change. The concept of 'confessional mobility' is introduced to examine the ongoing presence of English Catholics abroad and the impact of cross-Channel connections on their community. This model expands the discussion to include pilgrims, grand tour travelers, students, and mobile scholars, emphasizing that those living abroad were not isolated. Instead, through correspondence and travel, they fostered a borderless community. This cross-Channel network was not merely defined by persecution but served as a vital support system for English Catholics over generations. Additionally, the work integrates minority Catholics more fully into Counter-Reformation history, challenging the traditional view of a hierarchical Catholic Church. By focusing on movement and mission, it acknowledges the significant role of English Catholics within the broader context of the Counter-Reformation, aligning with contemporary efforts to diversify scholarship in this area.