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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer Processing of Oriental Languages, ICCPOL 2006, held in Singapore in December 2006, colocated with ISCSLP 2006, the 5th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing. The 36 revised full papers and 20 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 169 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on information retrieval, document classification, questions and answers, summarization, machine translation, word segmentation, chunking, abbreviation expansion, writing-system issues, parsing, semantics, and lexical resources.

It is my great honour to declare the opening of the 2nd IBM Japan International Symposium on 'The Global Environment'. I warmly welcome all distinguished experts gathered here. IBM Japan has long been committed to protecting the global environment, recognizing the increasing significance of environmental disruption as a shared concern. In 1990, we held our first environmental symposium on 'Global Warming', providing a platform for social and natural scientists to discuss pressing environmental issues. One key conclusion emphasized the need for collaboration on socio-economic aspects between industrialized and developing countries. With this in mind, our current symposium focuses on a socio-economic approach to global environmental challenges. We aim to explore solutions by examining real experiences and circumstances from around the world, particularly addressing North/South issues. We have invited guests from America, Europe, and neighboring Asian countries to enrich our discussions. I hope this symposium will yield new insights and breakthroughs for environmental improvement through positive and harmonious dialogue in this beautiful setting at the foot of Mt. Fuji.