The Doctrine of Fascism

Focusing on the ideological foundations of fascism, this essay, attributed to Benito Mussolini but written by Giovanni Gentile, argues for a political shift from 19th-century individualism to a 20th-century emphasis on authority and the collective state. Published in the 1932 Enciclopedia Italiana, it serves as a cornerstone for understanding fascist doctrine, contrasting previous political models like socialism and liberalism. The text is part of a broader entry on fascism, featuring extensive illustrations and a comprehensive exploration of its principles.