Daniel Kahneman was an Israeli-American psychologist whose work delved into the cognitive processes underlying human judgment and decision-making. Alongside Amos Tversky, he established a cognitive foundation for common human errors, examining heuristics and biases. Kahneman extensively explored how people perceive risk and rewards, developing the pivotal Prospect Theory. His research significantly advanced behavioral economics and psychology by providing profound insights into the rationality and irrationality of the human mind.
Judgment pervades human experience. Do I have a strong enough case to go to trial? Will the Fed change interest rates? Can I trust this person? This book examines how people answer such questions. How do people cope with the complexities of the world economy, the uncertain behavior of friends and adversaries, or their own changing tastes and personalities? When are people's judgments prone to bias, and what is responsible for their biases? This book compiles psychologists' best attempts to answer these important questions.
The contemporary rabbi is influenced by the modern rabbinic establishments throughout the world, including the rabbinate in Israel. The rabbinate's monopoly on opinions and interpretations prevents rabbis from expressing their individual positions out of fear of delegitimization. The current structure gives the public a negative impression of the rabbinic establishment. The Importance of the Community Rabbi strives to describe and delineate key requirements for a good rabbi, i.e., one who can provide socially acceptable halachic solutions within the parameters of Orthodox thinking. Rabbi Sperber elucidates the halachic techniques and mechanisms that may be used toward this goal. These are further illustrated with stories from rabbinic literature and examples from various responsa.
Choices, Values, and Frames presents an empirical and theoretical challenge to classical utility theory, offering prospect theory as an alternative framework. Extensions and applications to diverse economic phenomena and to studies of consumer behavior are discussed. The book also elaborates on framing effects and other demonstrations that preferences are constructed in context, and it develops new approaches to the standard view of choice-based utility. As with the classic 1982 volume, Judgment Under Uncertainty, this volume is comprised of papers published in diverse academic journals. The editors have written several new chapters and a preface to provide a context for the work.
The guru to the gurus at last shares his knowledge with the rest of us. Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman's seminal studies in behavioral psychology, behavioral economics, and happiness studies have influenced numerous other authors, including Steven Pinker and Malcolm Gladwell. In Thinking, Fast and Slow, Kahneman at last offers his own, first book for the general public. It is a lucid and enlightening summary of his life's work. It will change the way you think about thinking. Two systems drive the way we think and make choices, Kahneman explains: System One is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System Two is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. Examining how both systems function within the mind, Kahneman exposes the extraordinary capabilities as well as the biases of fast thinking and the pervasive influence of intuitive impressions on our thoughts and our choices. Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, he shows where we can trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking, contrasting the two-system view of the mind with the standard model of the rational economic agent. Kahneman's singularly influential work has transformed cognitive psychology and launched the new fields of behavioral economics and happiness studies. In this path-breaking book, Kahneman shows how the mind works, and offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and personal lives--and how we can guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble.
From the bestselling author of Thinking, Fast and Slow and co-author of Nudge comes a groundbreaking exploration of why people often make poor judgments and how to mitigate the impact of noise. Consider instances where two doctors provide different diagnoses for identical patients, or judges issue varying sentences for the same crime. Different food inspectors might rate indistinguishable restaurants differently, and customer complaint resolutions can vary based on who is handling them. Imagine the same professional making inconsistent decisions based on the time of day or day of the week. These scenarios illustrate noise: the variability in judgments that should be consistent.
In this work, Daniel Kahneman, Cass R. Sunstein, and Olivier Sibony reveal how noise significantly contributes to errors across various fields, including medicine, law, economic forecasting, and food safety. Despite its prevalence, individuals and organizations often remain unaware of the influence of chance on their judgments and actions. Drawing on the latest psychology and behavioral economics research, this book explains the reasons behind human susceptibility to noise in judgment and offers strategies for addressing it. Through diligent and insightful research, it aims to illuminate the complexities of decision-making and improve the accuracy of judgments in everyday life.
Наши действия и поступки определены нашими мыслями. Но всегда ли мы контролируем наше мышление? Нобелевский лауреат Даниэль Канеман объясняет, почему мы подчас совершаем нерациональные поступки и как мы принимаем неверные решения. У нас имеется две системы мышления. «Медленное» мышление включается, когда мы решаем задачу или выбираем товар в магазине. Обычно нам кажется, что мы уверенно контролируем эти процессы, но не будем забывать, что позади нашего сознания в фоновом режиме постоянно работает «быстрое» мышление – автоматическое, мгновенное и неосознаваемое…
Stupidity is all around is, from the coworkers who won't stop hitting 'reply all' to the former school friends posting conspiracy theories on Facebook. But in order to battle idiocy, we must first understand it. In The Psychology of Stupidity, some of the world's leading psychologists and thinkers - including Nobel Prize winners - will show you... why smart people sometimes believe in utter nonsense, how our lazy brains cause us to make the wrong decisions, why trying to debate fools is a trap, how media manipulation and Internet overstimulation makes us dumber, why the stupidest people don't think they're stupid. Their wisdom and wit are a balm for our aggrieved souls and a beacon of hope in a world of morons.
Daniel Kahneman, uno de los pensadores mas importantes del mundo, recibio el premio Nobel de Economia por su trabajo pionero en psicologia sobre el modelo racional de la toma de decisiones. Sus ideas han tenido un profundo impacto en campos tan diversos como la economia, la medicina o la politica, pero hasta ahora no habia reunido la obra de su vida en un libro. En "Pensar rapido, pensar despacio," un exito internacional, Kahneman nos ofrece una revolucionaria perspectiva del cerebro y explica los dos sistemas que modelan como pensamos. El sistema 1 es rapido, intuitivo y emocional, mientras que el sistema 2 es mas lento, deliberativo y logico. Kahneman expone la extraordinaria capacidad (y tambien los errores y los sesgos) del pensamiento rapido, y revela la duradera influencia de las impresiones intuitivas sobre nuestro pensamiento y nuestra conducta. El impacto de la aversion a la perdida y el exceso de confianza en las estrategias empresariales, la dificultad de predecir lo que nos hara felices en el futuro, el reto de enmarcar adecuadamente los riesgos en el trabajo y en el hogar, el profundo efecto de los sesgos cognitivos sobre todo lo que hacemos, desde jugar en la Bolsa hasta planificar las vacaciones; todo esto solo puede ser comprendido si entendemos el funcionamiento conjunto de los dos sistemas a la hora de formular nuestros juicios y decisiones. Al implicar al lector en una animada reflexion sobre como pensamos, Kahneman consigue revelar cuando podemos confiar en nuestras intuiciones y cuando no, y de que modo podemos aprovechar los beneficios del pensamiento lento. Ademas, ofrece ensenanzas practicas e iluminadoras sobre como se adoptan decisiones en la vida profesional o personal, y sobre como podemos usar distintas tecnicas para protegernos de los fallos mentales que nos crean problemas. "Pensar rapido, pensar despacio" cambiara para siempre nuestra manera de pensar sobre como pensamos.
