Sebastian Braun Book order

This analysis utilizes two decades of historical data to examine how West Germany's regional labor markets responded to the significant influx of eight million German expellees post-World War II. The inflow was unevenly distributed across two regions, prompting the development of a dynamic two-region search and matching model of unemployment that aligns closely with historical data on regional unemployment differentials and migration rates. Both metrics saw a dramatic increase following the influx, with a gradual decline over the next decade. Despite the extensive and enduring effects of the expellee inflow, native workers faced only a modest reduction in expected lifetime labor income of 1.38%, while per-period losses were up to four times greater. These income losses varied based on the initial location and labor market status of native workers. Counterfactual analyses reveal that economic policy interventions can mitigate native income losses and stabilize regional labor markets. For instance, distributing the influx more evenly over time proves effective, and smaller immigration inflows—comparable to the current refugee situation in Germany—also significantly lessen native income losses, although they only slightly shorten the adjustment period in labor markets.

Engaging young readers, this interactive book invites babies to lift flaps and discover who is hiding behind them. The playful peekaboo format encourages participation and fosters early learning through surprise and delight, making it an ideal choice for interactive storytime.

This study examines the impact of formal institutions on political output in contemporary Indonesia, highlighting significant changes following four constitutional amendments and a new election law. These alterations necessitate a renewed focus on Indonesian political research. Utilizing veto player theory, the legislative process is analyzed, encompassing crucial legislation such as the Law on the Governance of Aceh and various draft laws addressing issues like pornography, military courts, and freedom of information. The findings indicate that legislative gridlock in Indonesia stems primarily from its presidential and multiparty governmental structure. Solutions proposed include transitioning to a parliamentary democracy and establishing an effective electoral threshold to limit the number of parties in parliament. Additionally, the consensus rule in legislative decision-making should be reconsidered. However, informal behaviors—such as corruption and a politicized military—continue to plague post-Suharto politics. These informal institutions have developed over time, and the study also explores Indonesia’s historical context. With over 30 years of New Order abuses and a transition influenced by state elites, detrimental informal institutions remain entrenched, ultimately undermining the quality of Indonesia’s democracy today.