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The paper explores the emergence of a unified European security approach, specifically the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) in 1999, highlighting the pivotal role of the United Kingdom, which had previously resisted European security integration. It analyzes shifts in British domestic politics as key factors influencing changes in UK foreign policy, emphasizing the impact of the Kosovo crisis as a catalyst. Additionally, the study considers the significance of government changes, epistemic communities, and evolving ideas in shaping this transformation.

This Master's thesis examines the emergence of the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) and its relationship with NATO, focusing on the Berlin Plus Agreements. It analyzes the conditions for ESDP's formation in the late 1990s and early 2000s, concluding that ESDP is likely to continue its path toward autonomisation amid diverging European and US interests.