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René Girard

    December 25, 1923 – November 4, 2015

    René Girard was a French-born American historian, literary critic, and philosopher of social science whose work belongs to the tradition of anthropological philosophy. His fundamental ideas, developed throughout his career, posit that desire is mimetic, all conflict originates in mimetic rivalry, and the scapegoat mechanism is the foundation of human culture and sacrifice. Girard argued that religion was necessary in human evolution to control the violence arising from mimetic rivalry, and that the Bible reveals these concepts while denouncing the scapegoat mechanism. His extensive work, spanning numerous academic disciplines, continues to inspire discussion and research.

    René Girard
    Violence, the Sacred, and Things Hidden
    The Scapegoat
    Things Hidden Since the Foundation of the World
    Battling to the End
    Deceit, Desire, and the Novel: Self and Other in Literary Structure
    Anorexia and Mimetic Desire
    • Anorexia and Mimetic Desire

      • 112 pages
      • 4 hours of reading

      The book explores the anorexia epidemic through the lens of mimetic desire, suggesting that our deepest desires are often imitated from societal models. Girard critiques the "culture of anorexia" and dissects the competitive nature behind conspicuous non-consumption, blending theoretical insights with relatable observations. His analysis reveals how societal influences shape personal desires, challenging readers to reconsider the motivations behind their choices and the implications of a culture that prizes such behaviors.

      Anorexia and Mimetic Desire
      4.3
    • This study extends beyond the scope of literature into the psychology of much of our contemporary scene, including fashion, advertising, and propaganda techniques. In considering such aspects, the author goes beyond the domain of pure aesthetics and offers an interpretation of some basic cultural problems of our time.

      Deceit, Desire, and the Novel: Self and Other in Literary Structure
      4.3
    • Battling to the End

      • 256 pages
      • 9 hours of reading

      Engages Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831), the Prussian military theoretician who wrote On War. This title shows us a Clausewitz who is a fascinated witness of history's acceleration. It pushes aside the taboo that prevents us from seeing that the apocalypse has begun.

      Battling to the End
      4.3
    • Things Hidden Since the Foundation of the World presents a highly original global theory of culture. Here, in his greatest work, René Girard explores the function of violence, mimetic desire and the mechanism of the scapegoat, in the history of society and religion. Girard's vision is a brilliant and devastating challenge to conventional views of literature, anthropology, philosophy and psychoanalysis.

      Things Hidden Since the Foundation of the World
      4.3
    • The Scapegoat

      • 232 pages
      • 9 hours of reading

      In 'The Scapegoat', the author audaciously turns to classical mythology, medieval narrative, and the New Testament to explore the scenes behind 'texts of persecution, ' documents that recount collective violence from the standpoint of the persecutor.

      The Scapegoat
      4.2
    • Violence, the Sacred, and Things Hidden

      • 150 pages
      • 6 hours of reading

      Never before translated in English, this 1973 discussion between Rene Girard (1923-2015) and other prominent scholars represents one of the most significant breakthroughs in mimetic theory. The conversation was an opportunity for Girard to debate with his interlocutors the theories he expounded in Violence and the Sacred.

      Violence, the Sacred, and Things Hidden
      4.0
    • "In this ground-breaking work, one of our foremost literary and cultural critics turns to the major figure in English literature, William Shakespeare, and proposes a dramatic new reading of nearly all his plays and poems. The key to A Theater of Envy is Girard's novel reinterpretation of "mimesis." For Girard, people desire objects not for their intrinsic value, but because they are desired by someone else - we mime or imitate their desires. This envy - or "mimetic desire" - he sees as one of the foundations of the human condition".--Back cover

      A Theater of Envy: William Shakespeare
      4.2
    • Violence and the Sacred

      • 352 pages
      • 13 hours of reading

      Violence and the Sacred is Rene Girard's landmark study of human evil. Here Girard explores violence as it is represented and occurs throughout history, literature and myth. Girard's forceful and thought-provoking analyses of Biblical narrative, Greek tragedy and the lynchings and pogroms propagated by contemporary states illustrate his central argument that violence belongs to everyone and is at the heart of the sacred.

      Violence and the Sacred
      4.2
    • The Girard Reader

      • 310 pages
      • 11 hours of reading

      In one volume, an anthology of seminal work of one of the twentieth century's most original thinkers.

      The Girard Reader
      4.1