Nils Christie Books

First published in English by Routledge 1993.

Inflicting pain is a serious matter, often at variance with cherished values such as kindness and forgiveness. Attempts might therefore be made to hide the basic character of the activity, or to give various "scientific" reasons for inflicting pain. Such attempts are systematically described in this book, and related to social conditions. None of these attempts to cope with pain seem to be quite satisfactory. It is as if societies in their struggle with penal theories oscillate between attempts to solve an insoluble dilemma. Punishment is used less in some systems than in others. On the basis of examples from systems where pain is rarely inflicted, some general conditions for a low level of pain infliction are formulated. The standpoint is that if pain is to be applied, this should be done without a manipulative purpose and in a social form resembling that which is normal when people are in deep sorrow. Most of the material is from Scandinavia, but the book draws extensively on the crime control debate in the United Kingdom and USA.

Set in a vibrant urban landscape, the story follows a diverse cast of characters entangled in a web of crime and moral dilemmas. As they navigate their lives, themes of justice, loyalty, and the consequences of choices emerge. The narrative intertwines their fates, revealing how personal histories and societal pressures shape their paths. With a blend of suspense and character-driven storytelling, the book explores the gray areas of right and wrong, challenging readers to consider what constitutes a suitable amount of crime in the pursuit of survival and fulfillment.

Experimental villages serve as unique communal spaces for individuals often labeled as deficient by societal standards. These villages foster a shared economy and a rich cultural life, emphasizing collective living without traditional structures like salaries or staff. Nils Christie, who spent two decades engaging with these communities, contrasts the extraordinary lives within them with those of ordinary society, revealing insights about both experiences. His exploration highlights the emotional and cultural shocks encountered in this dual existence, illuminating the benefits of alternative living arrangements.

Die Zahl der Gefangenen in Industrienationen ist in den letzten Jahren deutlich gestiegen. Der Autor analysiert diese Entwicklungen und stellt dabei eine zentrale Frage: Welche Grenzen können und müssen einem stetigen Wachstum einer Gefängnisindustrie gesetzt werden?