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High Performance Computing (HPC) is crucial for various applications, including scientific research in weather prediction, climate simulations, genomics, and automotive and aerospace simulations. Programmers aim to maximize performance on highly parallel and heterogeneous systems, which consist of numerous nodes with multicore processors and optional accelerators like GPGPUs and Intel® Xeon Phi™ processors. Tuning applications for these systems involves co-optimizing aspects such as single-core performance, memory access, load balancing, inter-process communication, and energy consumption. Performance analysis tools like Periscope assist programmers in identifying performance bottlenecks through online analysis during application execution. Periscope's scalable distributed structure allows it to automatically analyze performance. The European FP7 project AutoTune enhanced Periscope for automatic tuning of HPC applications, resulting in the Periscope Tuning Framework (PTF). PTF includes aspect-specific tuning plugins that encapsulate expert knowledge for effective tuning, targeting interprocess communication, OpenMP scalability, single-core execution, and energy efficiency. It supports dynamic performance data access and evaluates multi-dimensional search spaces using advanced algorithms. The framework automates experiment execution and parallel scenario evaluation to expedite tuning. Extensive documentation and an online tutor

Welcome to the proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on High-Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC 2006), held in Munich, Germany, from September 13–15, 2006. This event marks the second edition of the HPCC conference series, and we are honored to serve as Chairmen with the guidance of the HPCC Steering Chairs, Beniamino Di Martino and Laurence T. Yang. The past decade has seen rapid growth in computing and communication technology, leading to a proliferation of powerful parallel and distributed systems and a rising demand for high-performance computing and communication (HPCC). This technology has become essential in addressing large and complex problems with tight time constraints. HPCC 2006 serves as a forum for engineers and scientists from academia, industry, and government to tackle the challenges in this field and share new ideas, research results, applications, and experiences related to HPCC. With 328 paper submissions from Europe, Asia, the Pacific, and the Americas, this year's conference saw a significant increase in contributions compared to its inaugural year, highlighting the domain's importance. Each submission was reviewed by at least three Program Committee members or external reviewers, making the selection process for presentations highly competitive due to the quality and interest of the submissions.