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Markus Hoffmann

    Tödliche Triplette
    Fruit Bowl
    The Need for Green Covenants. Regulating the Green Bond Market
    Social Networks & Social Network Analysis in Companies
    Vision and Vision Communciation in Entrepreneurial Companies
    Mergers and Acquisitions Motive
    • 2018

      Who belongs in the fruit bowl? Apples, check. Blueberries, check. Tomato, che-- Wait, what?! Tomato wants to join the other fruits, but does he belong? The perfect mix of botany and a bunch of bananas! All the fruit are in the bowl. There's Apple and Orange. Strawberry and Peach. Plum and Pear. And, of course, Tomato. Now wait just a minute! Tomatoes aren't fruit! Or are they? Using sly science (and some wisdom from a wise old raisin), Tomato proves all the fruit wrong and shows that he belongs in the bowl just as much as the next blueberry! And he's bringing some unexpected friends too! "A fun, brain-teasing food literacy lesson that's a cornucopia of produce and wordplay."--Publishers Weekly, starred review "An a-peel-ing addition."--School Library Journal

      Fruit Bowl
    • 2016

      Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Law - Miscellaneous, grade: B, London School of Economics (Department of Law), course: Environmental Law, language: English, abstract: Green Bonds are a novel form of long term debt financing instruments enabling continued and sustainable economic growth in a finite physical world. The market for green bonds or Climate Bonds comprises of debt instruments, the proceeds of which are Earmarked for use in environmentally friendly projects. Introduced by the European Investment Bank (EIB) in 2007, the market for green bonds has been growing rapidly, reaching the record volume of USD 36.6 billion in 2014. Rapidly growing markets offer a myriad of opportunities for investors, but those opportunities come with certain risks attached. The risk addressed by this paper is a twofold one. Firstly, there is a risk to the environment if the proceeds of earmarked bonds are used for projects that do not actually benefit the environment. Secondly, there is a legal and financial risk to bondholders that arises when issuers of green bonds use funds for purposes other than those set out in the bond indenture. There are two steps that need to be taken in order to address these risks at the same time. First, a uniform standard of what defines a green bond or a specified range of Shades of Green has to be found and implemented. Second, a green bond needs to state explicitly, in its indenture, what purposes the funds will be used for and of what shade of green those purposes are, in order to empower bondholders to take legal action if covenants are broken. These clauses will be referred to as Green Covenants. This paper will start by briefly setting out the threat posed by climate change before continuing to introduce green bonds, explaining how they operate and why they will become part of the solution to climate change. Four varieties of green bonds, issued by four very different entities, will then be examined and it will be shown that there are certain shortcomings they all have in common. This paper goes on by suggesting that these shortcomings can be addressed by introducing stricter and, most importantly, legally enforceable covenants that determine what proceeds of green bonds can be used for. This will be proven by comparing instruments of English Law and United States (US) Federal Law that are currently available to bondholders, with powers a stronger set of covenants will make available to bondholders in the future.

      The Need for Green Covenants. Regulating the Green Bond Market
    • 2013

      Mergers and Acquisitions Motive

      Overview of different types and objectives of M & A transactions and motives

      Focusing on mergers and acquisitions (M&A), this thesis explores their role as a strategy for corporate expansion and growth. It delves into the mechanisms and implications of M&A within the context of business management and corporate governance, providing insights into how these processes can impact organizational dynamics and market positioning. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of M&A as a critical tool for businesses aiming to enhance their competitive edge.

      Mergers and Acquisitions Motive
    • 2013

      Start-up companies experience distinct developmental stages as they progress toward maturity. This thesis explores the legal and economic challenges they face during these phases, emphasizing the importance of understanding regulatory frameworks and market dynamics. It aims to provide insights into how these factors influence the growth and sustainability of new ventures, making it a valuable resource for entrepreneurs and scholars interested in the intersection of business and law.

      Vision and Vision Communciation in Entrepreneurial Companies
    • 2011

      Social Networks & Social Network Analysis in Companies

      An overview of the internal and external power of Social Networks

      Focusing on the intersection of social networks and marketing, this seminar paper delves into Social Network Analysis and its historical context. It explores how these networks influence marketing strategies, providing insights into their evolution and applications in both offline and online marketing. The paper serves as a comprehensive examination of the role social networks play in modern business economics.

      Social Networks & Social Network Analysis in Companies