Immunogenetic aspects of ANCA-associated vasculitides

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The objective of this special issue is to review the genetic bases and immunogenetic variations of ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV), with particular emphasis on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules, the polymorphisms in the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) genes, alpha-1-antitrypsin (alpha1AT) and Fcgamma receptor (FcgammaR) genes. Although the etiology of the various AAV is unknown, the available genetic epidemiological data support the importance of genetic factors in susceptibility to these diseases. Moreover, there is considerable reason to believe that immunologic mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of AAV. The data presented here indicate that, in addition to immunospecific genes, such as HLA alleles, genes determining the level of the immune response - i.e. cytokines, adhesion molecules, protease inhibitors, FcgammaR, etc. - may contribute to AAV. Bringing together the most recent research results by experts in the field, this publication is recommended reading for rheumatologists, nephrologists, specialists in vasculitic disease and internal medicine.