The third horseman

In May 1315, relentless rain began in northern Europe, lasting until August, followed by the coldest winters in a millennium. Two animal epidemics decimated nearly 80 percent of livestock, while wars in Scotland, England, France, and Flanders ravaged farmland. Over seven years, these calamities resulted in the deaths of six million people—one eighth of Europe's population. This period marked one of the most catastrophic events in European history, known as the Great Famine. The narrative explores the intertwined forces that led to this disaster, linking feudalism, agricultural economics, climatology, and chivalric warfare to illustrate how impersonal traumas transformed hunger into starvation. Key figures, including Scotland's William Wallace and Robert Bruce, stand against Edward II of England, whose failures highlight shifting demographics. By integrating current scientific theories and economic models, the author underscores the implications of these historical events for contemporary climate change. This compelling account, rich in detail and insight, serves as a poignant reminder of how gradual shifts can disrupt the fragile balance of life and death throughout history.