Debriefing in Simulation Games

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Debriefing is central to the experiential learning process, yet simulation game research studies seldom have focused on it. Properly designed simulation games with debriefing potentially provide a means to engage students in thoughtful, engaging, and worthwhile learning that is consistent with the contemporary goals of education. A small number of prior studies found debriefing had a positive effect on cognitive learning. However, the studies with positive results are too few and too contradictory as a result of problematic designs to warrant generalizations from the findings. The participants for this study were 238 students in state mandated economics classes. A variety of immediate and retention posttest measures were utilized to assess the levels of cognitive learning and interest on four randomly assigned alternative treatments. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and effect sizes. Findings from this sample supported previous research results that indicated debriefing has a positive immediate effect on cognitive learning. The implications of the results and suggestions for future research were discussed in detail.