What a fish knows: The inner lives of our underwater cousins

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Do fishes think? Do they have three-second memories? Can they recognize humans? In this thought-provoking exploration, ethologist Jonathan Balcombe delves into the surprising capabilities of fishes, revealing their complex lives beneath the water's surface. With over thirty thousand species, fishes are often overlooked in terms of their individual thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Balcombe challenges the notion of fishes as mere feeding machines, presenting them as sentient, aware, and social beings, much like humans. Drawing on the latest scientific research, he showcases the remarkable diversity and beauty of these creatures. Fishes engage in elaborate courtship rituals, form lifelong bonds, plan hunts, use tools, and even deceive one another. Contrary to the belief that their lives are simple and aimless, Balcombe illustrates a richer, more intricate existence that reflects a grand social narrative. By highlighting groundbreaking discoveries and sharing personal encounters, he examines how fishes navigate their environments, from tide pools to the ocean's depths. This insightful work offers a fresh perspective on our relationship with marine life and encourages a deeper appreciation for the planet's increasingly threatened aquatic ecosystems. It promises to transform how we view our aquatic cousins, including the humble pet goldfish.