Characteristics of Two-Dimensional Triangular and Three-Dimensional Face-Centered-Cubic Photonic Crystals

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Focusing on the fabrication and characterization of triangular-structured, two-dimensional photonic crystals (PhCs), this thesis explores their photonic band gap (PBG) designed for visible wavelengths, relevant to integrated photonic systems. It details various fabrication techniques, such as focused ion beam and electron beam lithography, and outlines characterization methods including prism coupling and spectrophotometry to confirm the PBG. Additionally, a three-dimensional PhC with an infrared PBG is examined, with experimental results compared to modeling using finite difference time domain software.