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The study explores the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Piper nigrum essential oil nanoemulsion, utilizing a phase inversion method and AgNO3 reduction. It highlights the chemical profile, with limonene as the primary component, and evaluates the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the AgNPs. Notably, the research found an IC50 value of 16.26 mg L-1 for antioxidant activity and 0.217 mg mL-1 for anti-inflammatory effects at pH 11, demonstrating the efficacy of P. nigrum AgNPs in enhancing these biological activities.

The study investigates the chemical and biological properties of Ixora coccinea L. through hydroalcoholic extracts and fractions. Using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS), catechol was identified as the predominant component. The research assessed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic activities, revealing effective concentrations (EC50) that indicate strong biological activity across all assays. The antioxidant activity showed EC50 values between 6.45 and 87.15 ppm, while anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities ranged from 32.27 to 198.06 ppm and 10.76 to 66.02 ppm, respectively.

The study investigates the chemical composition and larvicidal properties of microencapsulated essential oil from Citrus aurantium against Aedes aegypti. Extracted through hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS, the oil demonstrated significant larvicidal activity with an LC50 of 3.589 mg L-1. The main components identified were (-)-terpinen-4-ol and caryophyllene oxide. The findings highlight the essential oil's potential as an effective agent for controlling Aedes aegypti, contributing to pest management strategies.

The study investigates the molluscicidal properties of essential oils from Syzygium cumini and Hymenaea courbaril, extracted through hydrodistillation and analyzed via Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Toxicity tests using Artemia salina indicated both oils were nontoxic, with specific LC50 values for each. The molluscicidal assays revealed effective concentrations against Biomphalaria glabrata, suggesting these essential oils could serve as natural alternatives to combat schistosomiasis-carrying snails.