Margaret Mead was an American cultural anthropologist, frequently featured in mass media as a popularizer of anthropological insights for modern Western life. She was a champion of broadened sexual mores within the context of Western religious life. Her reports on the purportedly healthy attitude towards sex in traditional South Pacific and Southeast Asian cultures significantly informed the '60s "sexual revolution." Though a respected academic, her work was eventually, and controversially, challenged.
The book details Margaret Mead's eight-month study of the Mountain Arapesh people in Papua New Guinea during 1931-1932. It explores their unique culture characterized by simplicity, sensitivity, and a strong sense of cooperation among community members. Mead's observations provide valuable insights into the social dynamics and values of the Arapesh, highlighting their distinct way of life in contrast to Western norms.
Dílem o pohlaví a temperamentu se uzavírá i vrcholí oceánský, „jihomořský“ cyklus, trilogie, jež z Meadové učinila jednou provždy nejen autoritativní antropologickou osobnost, nýbrž otevřela cestu i k mediální, veřejné dimenzi své autorky. Tato práce je zkoumáním, jak tři primitivní společenství seskupují své sociální postoje podle temperamentu (tedy podle rysů připsaných každému pohlaví jako příslušně „maskulinních“ nebo „femininních“), aby nakonec vyústila v často citovaný ultrarelativistický závěr, že mnohé, ne-li všechny osobnostní rysy, ať už mužské, nebo ženské, jsou s pohlavím spojeny právě tak málo jako oděv, mravy nebo pokrývka hlavy.
Focusing on cultural relativism, this collection of essays offers a framework for future ethnological surveys in anthropology. It aims to deepen understanding and provide a basis for planning research within contemporary society. The assembled statements serve as a guide for scholars looking to explore and analyze cultural contexts more effectively.
For more than a generation, this pioneering book has been an indispensable introduction to the field of anthropology. Here, in her study of three sharply contrasting cultures, Benedict puts forward her famous thesis that a people's culture is an integrated whole, a "personality writ large." Includes a preface from Margaret Mead.
