This book introduces Information Technology in the context of peace, conflict, and security research, examining it through natural science, technical, and computer science lenses. It begins with an overview of IT's fundamental roles related to peace and security, then delves into the emergence of cyber conflicts, highlighting information warfare, cyber espionage, cyber defense, and Darknets. Recent cyber warfare examples are discussed, including the Stuxnet attack on Iran’s uranium enrichment, the hacking of the German Federal Parliament’s communications, and the global ransomware attacks from the Wannacry malware campaign. The concept of cyber peace is introduced, emphasizing confidence and security-building measures. A section on Cyber Arms Control draws parallels to global initiatives aimed at regulating chemical warfare, reducing nuclear conflict risks, and preventing space militarization. Additional discussions cover the security of critical information infrastructures, cultural violence, and peace on social media. The book concludes by forecasting the future role of IT in peace and security. This work pioneers a largely unexplored field, serving as a valuable resource for students, educators, and professionals in computer science, IT security, peace and conflict studies, and political science.
