Penelope Freedman Books

The study explores the nuanced use of you/thou in Shakespeare's plays, revealing significant shifts that illuminate character motives and relationships. Penelope Freedman's meticulous research offers insights into the emotional dynamics at play, enhancing the understanding of Shakespeare's work. The volume is further enriched with tables and a glossary of linguistic terms, making it a valuable resource for scholars and enthusiasts seeking to deepen their appreciation of Shakespearean language and its implications.

Romeo and Juliet always use 'thou' to each other, but they are the only pair of lovers in Shakespeare to do this. Why? All the women in Richard III address Richard as 'thou', but no man ever does. Why? When characters address the dead, they use 'thou' – except for Hamlet, who addresses Yorick as 'you'. Why? Shakespeare's contemporaries would have known the answers to these questions because they understood what 'thou' signified, but modern actors and audiences are in the dark. Through performance-oriented analysis of extracts from the plays, this book explores the language of 'trulls' and termagants, true loves and unwelcome wooers, male impersonators, smothering mothers, warring spouses and fighting men, as well as investigating lèse-majesté, Freudian slips, crisis moments and rhetorical flourishes. Drawing on work with RSC actors, as well as the author's experience of playing a range of Shakespearean roles, the book equips the reader with a new tool for tracking emotions, weighing power relations and appreciating dazzling complexity.